Hardwork

In the many million years of human history,man has been immensely successful in making his today better than his yesterday. Elf he had not shown the capability of uplifting and aggrandize himself,he would have not had the right to call himself the Crown of Creations and God's Viceroy on Earth. Halls prodigious Journey from burning fire with stone to building up huge dams for generating electricity,from living In caves to constructing skyscrapers and unimaginably comfortable residences are all the exult of his unflinching struggle and hardwood.Respected Listeners, Man has developed a tremendous ability of bringing the floods,the storms and even the earthquakes under his control. He has brought the laborious Journeys on foot to an end and has invented ships,cars,trains and amazingly high speed airplanes. Just by his struggle and diligence,man has enabled himself to accomplish these outstanding miracles alongside many more baffling ones. Mr†¦ President,The luxuries and comforts whi ch we are enjoying today are unquestionably the result of those hardworking benefactors of humanity who burnt the midnight oil,ignoring their rest,forgetting their sleeps,putting aside their physical and even spiritual needs. Someone has rightly said, â€Å"The heights which great men reached and kept were not attained by sudden flight, For when their friends and family slept they worked Ann toiled throughout the night† making his today better than his yesterday. He had not shown the capability of Crown of Creations and God's Viceroy on Earth.

How Earth Supports Life Essay

Basically, Earth is not the only planet that supports life. In a broader sense, Earth is the only planet capable of supporting complex life forms. Other planets and their moons can sustain life such as that of bacteria but only the Earth can constitute evolution into more complex species. Major components that sustain life are water and oxygen and only Earth has an abundant supply of both. Futuristic views point to Mars as another planet which is capable of sustaining life because it is able to sustain life for bacteria and there are traces of water and oxygen. However, one problem is that all water on Mars is frozen in its polar ice caps. Earth is the only planet that is strategically positioned wherein water can remain in its liquid state in order to sustain life (Springboard Magazine). The Earth also has the right temperature levels. Mercury and Venus are too close to the Sun that the heat would make it impossible to sustain life. Also, there is no sign of water on the planet. Uranus, Neptune and Pluto are positioned way too far from the Sun resulting in extremely cold temperatures which makes it impossible for humans or any other life forms to survive. On the other hand, Jupiter and Saturn are formed from gas. Hydrogen, methane and helium make up the atmosphere of these two planets. They have no oxygen which is essential in sustaining life (Springboard Magazine). The Earth’s size and position also plays an important factor in the planets ability to preserve life. If the planet is larger, the pull of gravity would be greater which would affect the organisms living in the planet in a sense that hydrogen will not be able to escape from the atmosphere. On the other hand, if the pull of gravity was less, oxygen would escape from the atmosphere which would make it impossible to sustain life. The planet’s rotation period is also perfect otherwise; plant life would not be able to survive (A Planet Perfect for Life) These are just some of the factors that describe why the Earth is perfect for the sustainability of life, particularly the complex life forms. Although there are discoveries that may prove that there are other planets that may be similar to the Earth that may support life, it is difficult to confirm because of such great distances. Scientists can only make assumptions based on evidence but now, the only planet that is known to sustain human life is the Earth. Works Cited Only Earth Supports Life. Springboard Magazine. Accessed April 28, 2008, from A Planet Perfect for Life. United Church of God. Accessed April 28, 2008, from

Reaction paper Essay

Last summer term, in relation to our subject Business Policy and Strategy, our professor required our class to attend a seminar about the programs being held by a non-government organization, which is the Development Action for Women Network (DAWN). At first, I don’t even know that an organization like this exists and I don’t have any idea on what is it all about, or what are the activities it is engaged into. Before going to the seminar’s venue, I had a presumption that it will be about how to develop a good business strategy, or some kind of an inspiring speech from someone successful. Upon arriving at the venue, I’m quite disappointed because the seminar is almost halfway through. I already had the mindset that I wouldn’t learn anything from it because, in addition to the fact that we were late, we were also had no choice but to take the seats at the last rows of the venue. But, when the speaker said something about the Filipino women and their half-Japanese, half-Filipino children, it stirred my curiosity and tried really hard to listen, to concentrate and to cope-up with the talk. And that’s when I have learned what DAWN is all about. Based on the speeches of those people involved with DAWN, their main advocacy is to help promote human rights and welfare, particularly of those Filipino women who migrated in Japan and their Japanese-Filipino children. I was disturbed by the specificity of their objective, I mean, why for Filipino women who migrated in Japan only? Then, I came to realize that maltreated and violated Filipinas from Japan are very common, so why not? I became interested to learn more about DAWN because their vision and missions are inclined to the promotion of equality between men and women and also the protection of women rights for the betterment of their families. Of course, this is a very important matter for a woman like me. I was also amazed by the number of programs they have to provide services to their clients, like providing health assistance, legal and paralegal assistance, educational assistance, temporary shelter, case management services, and even air/travel assistance. But more than these programs, the speakers also mentioned about their other activities that would provide long-term help to their clients. These are the alternative livelihood programs they’re implementing, like the Sikap Buhay (SIKHAY) and the DAWN Multipurpose Cooperative Inc. Through these, their clients can start rebuilding their lives, and at the same time regain their sense of dignity and self-worth through participating actively in productive activities. One of the speakers also mentioned that DAWN also provides further assistance to interested women clients in acquiring new skills that are apt to the changing times, such as hands-on computer training. These helpful programs show that DAWN is really willing and is committed in helping their clients. So, I think, that was the seminar is all about – to inform us about DAWN and its undertakings and to encourage us to support, and if possible, to participate in their activities. But the main objective of this paper is to be able to relate what we’ve learned in the said seminar to our subject, Business Policy and Strategy. So, the question is, how can we incorporate a good business strategy into DAWN’s activities? I can see many possible ways. One good business strategy is to use their advocacy to promote possible profit-oriented programs. The use of ideals or principles that promote, for example, human rights, will enhance the image of a company, and will in turn, may attract investors, sponsors, or even customers. Another strategy is to build a separate branch or a firm that will provide the same programs (i.e., training, counselling) to other group of people that has the capability to pay for such services. They have an advantage because they already have experience and are already known in providing those kinds of services. Another strategy is to use their network groups in promoting their possible â€Å"profit-oriented† activities. Since they have developed and maintained strong linkages with their fellow NGOs and also to some government agencies, they can utilize it to have better access to resources and to the market. And besides, their relationship with the other organizations also adds to the credibility of the company. Finally, another strategy that I can think of is the proper utilization of their research and development facilities to be able to expand and improve the business. This is also a possibility and can likewise provide an advantage because DAWN has established an extensive network with research institutions for ready access to vital research findings as well as for immediate response to needs for other areas for research. It is an edge over their competitors who don’t have established relationships with research institutions. And that is how I see the relationship between DAWN and business strategy. I therefore conclude that no matter what your line of business is, there can always be a good strategy available for you to have an edge over the others. All you have to do is to utilize what you have and be the best in it, just like what DAWN is doing.

Discussion board forum Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Discussion board forum - Assignment Example the required limits in law may keep corporations out of courts, but businesses are ware that holding themselves responsible to a high standard will stand them in good stead as far as their employees, customers, suppliers, communities, regulators and shareholders are concerned. This therefore means that any enterprise if at all it wants to be sustained over a long period of time must maximize its proceeds; nevertheless it should do so in a way that meets the requirements of its stakeholders who in essence allow it to stay viable. When there is a change of those requirements, corporations have got a responsibility to become accustomed to their actions accordingly, if at all they wish to survive. This is the aspect missed by Friedman’s argument. The game and its rules have changed in indispensable ways –and customers today anticipate and even demand more of a corporation than basically that they increase their returns without coming to anguish by some breach of law. Custom ers require and anticipate attributes from what they purchase-safety, value, quality-which of course depends on the price they have paid (Bryan, 2010).Employees on the other hand require more than just a paycheck and the society needs the enterprise to be a better corporate citizen and employ from the community. Regulators require corporations to adhere to the legal line, communities frequently require companies to go an extra mile and do more than is needed of them; leading to a lot of strategic philanthropic efforts that are an aspect of ,but nevertheless don’t by themselves comprise a responsible company, particularly if they seem to be like giving back for a business culture or model that is not desirable (Bryan, 2010). Break-even point is that point at which a product stops costing Sarah’s company/enterprise money to produce, and sell, and thus starts making a profit for the company. Her total expenses for this enterprise are ($12,000+148000=160,000) plus her salary of $35,000.The

Constructivism in Architecture Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Constructivism in Architecture - Essay Example In other words, Conrads (1975) set a different criterion for the appearance of constructivism; according to the above researcher, constructivism was not established for responding to specific political needs, as related to the change in Russia’s political system in 1920s, but rather to promote particular architectural rules and principles, which were considered as valuable according to the creators of the Realist Manifesto. The rules of constructivism, as incorporated within the above paper, seem to promote specific ideas: simplicity in regard to lines and decorative elements and avoidance of excessive decoration (Conrads 1975). Additional elements have been incorporate in constructivism during the development of the concept through the decades, meaning especially the constructivism as used in the architecture. The literature developed in regard to constructivism seems to lead to a contradictory result, at least at a first level: constructivism is presented as an architectural trend, which was mostly used for interpreting social trends. However, a careful review of the views developed in this field opposes this view: it is clear that constructivism, in its original form, is involved mostly in the development of works of art, including architectural designs. When being used for interpreting social or political trends, constructivism has been modified, being radically different from its initial form. Thus, it can be stated that the rules of constructivism used for explaining social or political trends are highly differentiated from the initial rules of the particular concept; constructivism as related to the society and politics is, in practice, a different framework from that used in architecture; in this way, it cannot be claimed that... From the report it is clear that the literature developed in regard to constructivism seems to lead to a contradictory result, at least at a first level: constructivism is presented as an architectural trend, which was mostly used for interpreting social trends. However, a careful review of the views developed in this field opposes this view: it is clear that constructivism, in its original form, is involved mostly in the development of works of art, including architectural designs. When being used for interpreting social or political trends, constructivism has been modified, being radically different from its initial form. As the paper declares the rules of constructivism used for explaining social or political trends are highly differentiated from the initial rules of the particular concept; constructivism as related to the society and politics is, in practice, a different framework from that used in architecture; in this way, it cannot be claimed that constructivism, as an architectural concept, has been mostly related to society and politics. It has been always remained related only to architecture. Constructivists used the particular concept for reflecting the influence of industrialization on social life and art. The establishment of the concept that could relate the rules and the trends of industrialization with architectural design has been unavoidable. The use of constructivism for supporting specific political projects cannot justify the direct relationship between constructivism and society.

Small business in nigeria (management subject) Essay

Small business in nigeria (management subject) - Essay Example Entrepreneurs have a desire to be the master of themselves and have a high degree of commitment. Thus, instead of working for someone else, they choose to start up a small-business of their own. (Longnecker, Moore, Petty J. and Palich, 2005). When it comes to small-business, there is no set definition since different experts tend to define a small business differently. There are many factors through which small businesses are defined, including factors like size of the company, revenue, profits, operations, etc. The Bolton committee for instance has devised a definition of a small business called the economic definition. The economic definition is a more qualitative definition that emphasizes that a firm is called small when it has a relatively smaller chunk of the total market share of the industry, it is managed by owners in an informal and highly personalized environment and does not have a formal structure and that it is not a part of any large concern or a corporation and operates independently. (Corman, and Lussier, 2008). On the other hand, the European Commission defines a small business quantitatively. They coined a term Small & Medium Enterprise (SME) to refer to a small business. According to the European Commission, a business is a micro-enterprise if it has 0 to 9 employees, it is a small-enterprise if it has 10 to 99 employees and it is a medium-enterprise if it has 100 to 499 employees working under its umbrella. Organizations with employees 500 and above are hence called large-enterprises. Thus, a small business, in its true essence, is basically any firm that has a relatively smaller number of employed workers, has a small concern in the market, has a very informal organizational structure etc., however, at the end of the day, the exact measurement of any business as â€Å"small† is still a very vague concept and experts and analysts have thus been interpreting it differently according to the given situation and the circumstances.

Global Organizational Environment Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Global Organizational Environment - Article Example This is a reflective essay which summarises my learning experience gained through the entire model describing each of the sessions undertaken by me all through the course. One aspect has been chosen in each of the sessions’ and an academic journal has been selected which helped me to have a further detailed knowledge about the topics covered in each of the sessions. Session 1: Organizational form and purpose The first session of the module was meant to have an understanding about the various types of business concerns operating in different parts of the world and how they are governed. This session was a great learning experience for me that helped me to have a wide knowledge about different types of organisations, their primary motives or purposes, the concepts of corporate governance and stakeholders and the various ethical issues concerned with the business activities followed by the organizations. The concept of corporate governance and the problems related to the agency t heory was an interesting topic discussed in this session. Agency theory is one of the corporate governance theories which have marked significant importance in the recent years. Jensen and Meckling (1976) are commonly associated with the term agency theory as found in most of the existing literature. The journal named â€Å"A Survey of Corporate Governance† by Shleifer and Vishny (1997) helped me to know more about the issues related to corporate governance systems followed by different business organisations worldwide. It also helped to have knowledge about the concept of ownership concentration found in business concerns. Enron can be cited as one of the many examples related to an organisation which restored to unethical accounting practices because of the existing agency problems associated with the company. It is recorded as one of the major accounting scandals which have ultimately led to the downfall of Enron (Arnold, & Lange, 2004). Session 2: Transnational business a nd its role in contemporary society This session was aimed at having knowledge about the various roles played by transnational companies (TNCs) and how they have contributed to global trade. This session helped me to learn about the impacts of TNCs on the global trading environment, different types of internationalisation strategies followed by organisations, costs and benefits associated with free trade mechanism, and role of General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) and World Trade Organisation (WTO). Different types of internationalisation strategies followed by TNCs and other global organisations were of particular interest to me. Internationalisation is a process which is followed by organisations to expand their business outside their national boundaries and it can be achieved through various strategies followed by different firms. The journal named "Internationalization strategies for services" by Gronroos (1999) speaks about five types of internationalisation strategies that are followed by service organisations with their motives to establish their business abroad. Those internationalisat

Term Paper on Budget Deficit Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

On Budget Deficit - Term Paper Example The primary deficit indicates the difference between short term government spending on goods and services and total short term revenues from all types of taxes and transfer payments while primary deficit plus interest payments on debt constitute total deficit. The government budget deficit comprises of two elements such as cyclical and structural. A high unemployment rate is observed at the lowest point of a business cycle; and this situation indicates that tax revenues are low and public welfare expenditures are high. Under such circumstances, governments are forced to borrow additional money from external sources. This deficit, realized at the low point of the business cycle is called cyclical deficit. Theoretically, governments will completely repay their cyclical deficit by the next cyclical surplus realized from the peak of the cycle. In contrast, the structural deficit has been defined as the deficit that remains throughout the business cycle as a result of excess level of gene ral government spending over prevailing tax levels. This paper will identify the causes of and solutions for budget deficit. It will also analyze two countries that have experienced budget deficit over the last few years. Causes of budget deficits Generally, government budget deficits arise mainly as a result of two sets of causes. Firstly, structural factors cause government budget deficit and these factors are determined according to the special characteristics of the economy and its relationship with the external world. Secondly, implementation of thoughtless government policies may lead to sharp rise in expenditures. This situation would also directly lead to budget deficit. In some cases, it has been identified that governments lack essential fiscal discipline to control public sector spending. In contrast, governments may be often forced to increase public expenditures in order to maintain healthy income levels and employment rate when monetary measures indicate that the priva te sector is falling into recession. According to Morrison, the five major structural factors determining a budget deficit are â€Å"level of economic development, growth of government revenues, instability of government revenues, government control over expenditures, and extent of government participation in the economy† (Morrison, 119). The author argues that governments with lower levels of development are highly prone to budget deficit as they are pressurized to spend more on primary sectors like infrastructure and education and this condition may prevent them from effectively controlling their budgets. In addition, developing and underdeveloped governments may face issues like poor private saving and low tax revenues; this situation would probably persuade governments to raise their public sector spending rates to meet public expectations. Similarly, when a government experiences slow growth in revenues, it needs to treat its budget with deficit financing. Instability of government revenues indicates that the government may face difficulties associated with tax revenue fluctuations due to instable flow of income. To illustrate, export taxes will be the major source of revenue for petroleum export economies; and such economies are vulnerable to budge deficit troubles in case of any interruption in petroleum export. Inefficient budgetary systems often raise potential

Corrosion testing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Corrosion testing - Essay Example This implies this solution produces a corrosive atmosphere in the chamber. The accepted standard of testing chambers according to the international standards on salt sprays test (ISSST) is four hundred liters. Alternatively, some other solutions can also be applicable when testing corrosion. The test that applies 5% NaCl is the neutral salt spray whereby other solutions appropriate for this chamber include acetic acid. With the use of this solution, the name of the method of testing is acetic salt spray. The other solution that can apply in this case is acetic acid mixed with of copper chloride, which is one of the known corrosion tester is the Q-FOG cyclic corrosion testers. Designs of these instruments vary according to their capability of chambers. They also vary based on the various environments to which they have to operate. Figure 1: An example of a Q-FOQ cyclic corrosion tester. Results or testing of this machine is similar to those of an outdoor testing, which most of the sal t spray testers have failed to deliver. The purpose and application of the corrosion testing equipment The desire to maintain use and existence of different machines is a concern for numerous engineering industries. They attempt to prefer using their materials not only in an efficient way but also to ensure long-term usage of their products. This field uses various metallic instruments that are either ferrous or non-ferrous. What stands in the use of these metallic instruments is the fact that they are subject to attack by varied weather conditions. These conditions include humidity, basic solutions, gasses, and acids. The main purpose of these elements is to initiate the effect of corrosion on metallic materials. Therefore, producers of these metallic materials find it necessary to choose an ascertained coating material for the different elements. The quality control that applies during production of various metallic instruments is also essential in the present era. This calls for corrosion testing instruments that apply in the global field. This is because they help in identifying the corrosion element that exists for a metal, which is essential in providing users with longevity of their respective metallic materials. Various tests performed by the corrosion testers Many tests can apply in investigating corrosion in different metals. These tests vary depending on the variables involved, for instance, weather conditions and machine’s specifications. The humidity test is one of the common tests in the field of corrosion. In the corrosion testers, this takes place in the humidity cabinets that are airtight and moisture proof (Prateepasen & Jirarungsatian E11). The chamber also has an average temperature of 100 degrees. The purpose of this test is to determine whether the oxidative attack has begun on a given metal. In this case, the person taking the test searches for any appearance of a blister with the intention of knowing whether an attack has already began on a given metal. Another category of corrosion testing is the salt spray tests. In this case, the sizes of chambers may have standards according to given specifications. Chambers in this case have large sizes as compared to those used when taking humidity tests. The other tests include immersion tests, impact tests, outdoor exposure tests besides others. The tests mainly focus on eliminating effects of

Biodiversity Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Biodiversity - Research Paper Example The disturbance in the balance is due to the disturbance in the food chain. Like in a forest ecosystem, none of the animal is valueless; lamas, zebras, buffaloes and deer are eaten by tigers, lions, leopards and jaguars. If the ecosystem faces the extinction of the lions, tigers, jaguars or leopards, the number of lamas, zebras, buffaloes and deer increase rapidly and thus there would be low food resources for them and animal will die from diseases, which will make the ecosystem unhealthy. Natural Alteration in the Ecosystem Natural occurrences like earthquakes, droughts, etc have heavy impact on the ecosystems. Natural occurrences can produce alterations to the ecosystem. Like the droughts become a reason for the shortage of food (Shah, 2011). The shortage of food may bring some of the creatures to extinct. However, some of the alterations are good for the environment and some of the alterations are worst in terms of extinctions of some of the creatures. Importance of Biodiversity B iodiversity is often considered to have no linkage with the economic sustainability. However, environmental sustainability is often thought to have a connection with the biodiversity. In fact, biodiversity is connected to economic as well as environmental sustainability (Shah, 2012). It can provide food, water and a healthy atmosphere. A decline in the biodiversity of the planet would bring many problems. Biodiversity, Food Resources and Economics Most of the food resources come from the biological resources. If the biological resources regarding the food become less, then there would be a lot of hunger and disease. In this way, it is almost impossible without the utilization of food resources. The economics of a country are largely linked the production and utilization of the food resources. The more the food resources a country has, the more food there will be to export and earn money, to boost the economy. Results show that forty percent of the world’s economy is dependent on the biological resources. However, paper, textile and timber industry will also remain incomplete without preserving biodiversity. In this way, industrial economy depends much on biodiversity, while tourism increase due to forests and preserved marine life. Biodiversity and Medicine Biodiversity has much importance in terms of medicines, as most of the medicines come from the plant and animal sources. The medicines like coniine, etc, which is utilized in the malarial disease come from the plant. The research and development in the field of medicine is totally incomplete without biological resources. In this way biological resources have much importance in the field of medicines. Biodiversity and Climate Change Climate change is one of the biggest threats to the biodiversity of the planet. Some creatures like coral are much sensitive to the small change in the temperature and a little increase in the temperature could become a cause of the death of coral reefs. Coral are importan t in providing many fish and some other marine creatures a shelter and thus extinction of the coral means the extinction of many other species too (Harris, 2012). However, the protection of the biodiversity can only be a factor in controlling the climate change, as the major

Mecitefendi in China Literature review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Mecitefendi in China - Literature review Example Mecitefendi wants to expand the business in China (Zahra, 2005). The reliability, standardised quality and price of the products can help the company to get an easy access to the markets of China. The internationalisation process can enable the company to be accepted globally. The company with the quality products, technological up-gradation, sound working conditions and effective fulfilment of the corporate social activities (CSR) can become a global leader. There are a number of opportunities for the company in terms of ethics, but language barrier can act as an obstacle in starting the business in China. The literature review in a detailed manner explains the opportunities and hazards that the company might face on extending business in China. International Entrepreneurship can enable the company to take advantage of the growing market of China. As the scope for herbal cosmetic products has declined significantly in the domestic market, it would be fruitful for the company to sell the products in China, where the demand is high (Zahra, 2005). The company can experience vast opportunities in China (Dumitrescu and Vinerean, 2010). The Turkish company might face certain setbacks in terms of entry barriers while expanding business in China (Yiu, Lau and Bruton, 2007). China follows very stringent trade rules and regulations. Hence, being a foreign based company, Mecitefendi might fail to easily enter in the Chinese herbal cosmetic products industry. The low cost of the products, reliability and the already high rate of import in China might facilitate easy entrance therein and in the industry (Zahra and Garvis, 2000). Then again, the Chinese industry of herbal drugs is rapidly progressing, unlike that of the cosmetic. Therefo re, in order to boost this industry, Mecitefendi might have a suitable opportunity (Zahra, Korri and Yu, 2005). The products offered by Mecitefendi are priced reasonably and boast of a standardised quality. These are the unique

Charles Manson Essay Example for Free

Charles Manson Essay Charles Manson was born in Cincinnati, Ohio to 16-year-old Kathleen Maddox. Kathleen had run away from home at the age of 15 and spent the next few decades drinking too much, with periods of time spent in jail. Since his mother couldnt take care of him, Charles spent his youth at the homes of various relatives and often at special reform schools and boys homes. By age nine, Charles Manson had already started stealing and soon added burglary and stealing cars to his repertoire. In 1954, at age nineteen, he was released on parole after an unusual bout of good behavior. The next year, he married Rosalie Willis, a waitress, and they had a son together, Charles Manson Jr. (born March 1956). Even while married, Manson had continued making extra money by stealing cars. In April 1956, he was again sent to prison. After Manson had been in prison for a year, his wife found someone new and divorced Manson in June 1957. In 1958, Manson was released from prison. This time he headed to San Francisco where, with a guitar and drugs, he began to get a following. In 1968, he and several followers drove to Southern California. Manson was still hoping for a music career. Through an acquaintance, Manson met and hung out with Dennis Wilson of the Beach Boys. The Beach Boys did record one of Mansons songs, which appeared as Never Learn Not to Love on the B-side of their 20/20 album. During this time, Charles Manson and some of his followers moved into the Spahn Ranch. Located northwest of San Fernando Valley the Spahn Ranch had been a popular location to film westerns in the 1940s and 1950s. Once Manson and his followers moved in, it became a cult compound for the Family. Charles Manson was good at manipulating people. He took pieces from various religions to form his own philosophy. When the Beatles released their White Album in 1968, Manson believed their song Helter Skelter predicted an upcoming race war. Helter skelter, Manson believed, was going to occur in the summer of 1969 when blacks were going to rise up and slaughter all the white people. He told his followers that they would be saved because they would go underground, literally, by traveling to an underground city of gold located in Death Valley. However, when the Armageddon that Manson had predicted did not occur, he said he and his followers must show the blacks how to do it. Manson told four of his followers to go to 10050 Cielo Drive in Los Angeles and kill the people inside. This house once belonged to Terry Melcher, the man who had not helped Manson with his music career. However, Melcher no longer lived there; actress Sharon Tate and her husband, director Roman Polanski, had rented the house. On August 9, 1969, four of Mansons followers brutally murdered Tate, her unborn baby, and four others who were visiting her (Polanski was in Europe for work). The following night, Mansons followers brutally killed Leno and Rosemary LaBianca in their home. Manson was reprieved from the death penalty in 1972 when the California Supreme Court outlawed the death penalty. Charles Manson now serves a lifetime sentence and periodically comes up for parole. Though hes been in prison for over three decades, Charles Manson has received more mail than any other prisoner in the U. S. Charles Manson is currently being held in Californias Corcoran Prison. The who and the why In 1994, Oliver Stone directed a film, using a Quentin Tarantino-written script about a pair of serial killers, (partially using the â€Å"Bonnie and Clyde† theme) entitled â€Å"Natural Born Killers. This film portrayed the main two characters who, at the point between innocent teen-ager and experienced adult, defy society, and get lost in their own little world, killing, and robbing whoever they come across. Although still on Earth, they live by their own morals, beliefs, and at the end of the film, expose the media and the law for its flaws. The truth to this movie is that it was not made to reproduce the Bonnie and Clyde theme, but it was almost an exact parallel to one man, with similar experiences in the late nineteen-sixties; Charles Manson. Oliver Stone stated later, in an interview related to the movie â€Å"The idea was that he could become more like Charles Manson. † (Describing an interview with Mickey Knox, the serial killer in Natural Born Killers. ) The parallels from the film to the most stunning murders in the sixties can be seen from the similarities in the interviews between Manson and Knox, to the setting and time period. The point being that the movie was later considered one of the most daring movies of all time, thus just scraping the surface of the severity of the story behind Charles Manson and his so-called â€Å"family. Charles Manson was born near 1935 to an unknown father and a prostitute. Not much is known about his past, just abstract things. Manson went to a foster home at age three, and his mother later was arrested for robbery. From then to the age of eighteen and past, he was moved around from foster home to foster home, juvenile prison to juvenile prison. His prison record included two counts of forgery, two counts of mail theft, check forgery, probation violation, pimping and GTA. It was around this time in his life that he met the early members in his family. Patricia Krenwinkle was an average girl growing up in the suburbs. She got average grades, and sang in her school’s glee club. She had one sister, a mother, and their father was an insurance agent. At age eighteen, she was a secretary, and had just joined the hippie movement. She met Charles Manson at a party at the house of her sister’s friend. He was playing an original, yet sad song on his guitar. She was drawn to him by his karma, mood, and attitude, which led to their sleeping together that same night. He enticed her, by words of love and happiness, to an extent that she was happy whenever he was around, and never wanted to leave him. Two days after meeting him, they, with others, left for San Francisco. Leslie Van Houten had a similar upbringing. She was a suburbanite who sang in a church choir, and was later the homecoming princess at her high school. Other than the fact that her father left the family when she was young, she had an uneventful early life. At her late teenage years, she wanted more than normal girls had at that time. She heard about Manson, how he had the answers, and how closely he portrayed Christ. She too met with him and with the happiness that he appeared to bring with him. With Manson she later explained her actions â€Å"I followed him because I anticipated a positive change. † Others like Krenwinkle and Van Houten had gotten word of Manson’s unearthly beliefs and prophecies. Charles â€Å"Tex† Watson, once an All-American high school athlete, later became Manson’s biggest believer. Lynette â€Å"Squeaky† Fromme, whose father was an Aeronautical Engineer, was also a follower, and later was the acting head of the family when Manson was not around. These people, and dozens others followed Manson out West, first to San Francisco, and then further South, winding up at a place called Spahn Ranch. Charles Manson would later have a â€Å"family† of these followers, who literally did whatever he asked. They found happiness in his and each other’s presence. It was mainly a piece of the hippie movement; a way to stray from the norm and live opposite of what one was raised to learn. The structure was simple; he was the leader, the Christ, the martyr of the group, and they listened and did what he said. This type of control, however innocent the motives, could be considered a cult, and was later labeled as such. Yet, the main principals behind their family was, and only was, Manson’s will. The Mind and Motives of Charles Manson, and society’s counteractions are best described when his beliefs, his actions to support and uphold these beliefs, and society’s laws to stop him are taken into account. Image, perception, beliefs Manson has been proclaimed by many to be insane. The question of whether or not he is insane is a question of opinion, which cannot have a â€Å"true† right answer. However, his beliefs, which fueled his and his family’s actions between 1968 and 1975 conflicted with society’s morals, around which this country revolves. The severity of Manson and his family’s doings are reasoned behind his beliefs toward himself, his family, nature, other people, and the law. Charles Manson, on many occasions, has compared himself to Jesus Christ. He believed that he was Christ, and the world had made him suffer just as Christ did two thousand years ago. He also had his family believing that he was Christ. He said in an interview, when asked how he got his followers to believe that he was Jesus, â€Å"I was just being myself†¦ all men is Jesus Christ. † He also believed that he was Satan, to come to Earth and start Helter-Skelter, what he called a prophetical Armageddon. His family, he believed, had two main spiritual duties to learn to be him and to act like him, and to also learn and believe in what he did. He and the family lived with each other, living off, what he would consider love, for each other, and the earth. He told them that the happiness is in love. He believed that they should, when necessary, die for him, and not feel remorse. He preached to them that death was not bad, just another high. The family eventually adopted these beliefs, thus putting them at his complete control. Nature, according to Manson, was one of the most precious things in life. He subscribed to the belief that ATWA (Air, Trees, Water, Animals) kept humans alive, and we should treat ATWA with equal respect. He once metaphored that ATWA was a ship, and the humans wastes to the earth, pollution, and forest destruction was like a hole in the bottom of the boat. He, when living and Spahn Ranch, would tell his family to let the scorpions crawl over them, as they were animals, not meant to endanger the family. Helter Skelter Helter Skelter, revenge were part of his beliefs. Humans had corrupted the Earth and ATWA, and had been ignorant about it. Manson had felt that society dumped him and he felt great rage for society, and people, and later found an anthem for his rage. When asked about his actions, many years after the murders, he had said that he is a part of everyone, that he mirrors people, because they shaped him. The Beatles’ â€Å"White Album† included songs (Helter Skelter, Revolution #9, Piggies, and others) that Manson felt documented his rage toward society. When at the ranch, he and the family listened to these songs many times over. Manson thought he had heard his name being said in one of the songs. Their thoughts about Helter Skelter, or the Armageddon, were brought out by these songs. In Revolution #9, he heard machine gun fire, the oinking of pigs, and a man saying, â€Å"rise. † His beliefs would later incite Helter Skelter, using his family as a type of â€Å"army. † Some people believe that he just brutalized people, that the murders were for no cause, and he was just insane. Yet, more than twenty-five years after he and his family were convicted, he still has the same beliefs and still can logically explain his actions. August 9, 1969 and August 10, 1969. These two days carry a dark shadow over them. Two of the first ritual cult-style mass murders in U. S. history. The first of the two changed the mood of the entire population of L. A. for almost a year. These murders were the coming of Manson’s Helter Skelter, the Armageddon of the Earth. Spahn Ranch is a small, run down ranch near L. A. It was owned by George Spahn, who was then a decrepit, eighty-year-old wrangler, whose kids had gone away and whose wife had died. He was depressed near death when a group of hippies came to his door. They agreed to take care of him, and the ranch in exchange for living space. He agreed. The group, otherwise known as Manson’s family, had Squeaky take the most care of George, which included cleaning, cooking, making love to him, and other various tasks. The family, which consisted of twenty-six people, began its cultish life in the desert. â€Å"We played a lot of music, we did a lot of drugs, we loved, we were happy† relies Manson when later asked about life at the ranch. The family did these things, and more. They lost their humanity at the ranch. Life was lived â€Å"now† for â€Å"today. † Manson told them to always â€Å"live today. † The family members never talked about the past, never thought about the past or the future. The initiation of female family members was just that they joined. Male members would pick any woman they wanted and made love to them. Manson’s thoughts on this was that that’s what women are for, to bait the men. The women were not allowed to deny who picked them. They had no watches, to forget time, and society. Manson would walk up to members daily, and have them mirror his actions, to try to be exactly like him. They took hundreds of acid trips, they did marijuana, and during the acid trips, he would have them reenact the crucifixion. During these times he would ask them if they would die for him, if they would â€Å"be him. The members had started to live Manson’s reality. Manson would hear about the discrimination against the blacks in the South, and this was partially where he based his proof that Helter Skelter was near. The members started getting more guns, knives, and other weapons. They had lookouts at the ranch. They also robbed places to get money. Leslie Van Houten even robbed her father to get money for the cause. The crimes By August 8 1969, Manson had already killed a few people for various reasons. These drug dealers, and bums that he did kill are civil compared to the two ritualistic murders, done for Helter Skelter. Manson once tried to get a record contract from a producer, living at 10050 Cielo Dr. In Bel-Air, which later failed. Manson, who had been telling the family for months that they needed to start Helter Skelter themselves, needed money to bail out a member from jail. Near midnight, on August 8, he called a meeting about this. He sent Pat Krenwinkle, Susan Atkins, Linda Kasabian, and Tex Watson to 10050 Cielo Dr. to get money. He had told the women to do whatever Tex told them and was remembered saying â€Å"I don’t care how you do it, but do it and get it done now! That night, just after midnight, August 9, they pulled up to the driveway. Tex cut the telephone wires, and bypassing the electric gate, the women scaled a fence and climbed up a hill to the yard. This house was no longer occupied by the record producer of Manson’s acquaintance, but instead a beautiful new actress named Sharon Tate. Her lover and soon-to-be husband Roman Polanski, who was a movie director, wa s in London at the time. She was pregnant with their eight-month-old baby. She, Jay Sebring, Voytek Frykowski, and Abigail Folger were at the house for the night. Sebring was a worldwide known hairdresser, owning Sebring International. Folger was the heiress to the Folger coffee fortune. Frykowski was an actor, her lover. Back behind the house in a small shack was William Garretson, who was a caretaker of the house, who would later be an important witness. At the time when the women jumped the fence and were waiting for Tex, they heard four gunshots. He has seen Steven parent driving up to the residence. He was an acquaintance of Garrtetson, coming to visit. He was killed instantly, four shots at point-blank range. Tex then caught up with the women, and walked to the front door. It was locked, so he went through an open window next to the door, leading the women in first. They got the four people into the living room, together. Sebring, who tried to protect Sharon, was bludgeoned in the head once, then shot and stabbed by Tex. The other three people were panicked at this time. Frykowski tried to run out the back door, but was caught up to by Tex. He was clubbed in the head several times, shot, and stabbed. It was later counted that he was stabbed fifty-one times. Before his death, Abigail Folger had been tied up, and now was starting to get free. She ran out the back, pursued by Krenwinkle. She was ran down, and stabbed to death. Krenwinkle later recalled her saying â€Å"I’m already dead†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Later found to have been stabbed twenty-eight times. ) Finally, Sharon Tate, the only one left, was begging for the life of her baby to Tex, who replied, â€Å"Look, I have no mercy for you. † He then stabbed her to death. After these five brutal murders, the killers would up taking only seventy dollars before leaving. When returning to the ranch, Manson was remembered saying only two things, â€Å"Do you have any remorse? and â€Å"Don’t tell anyone. † â€Å"Sharon Tate, four others slain in ritualistic murders. † These were the headlines the following day in the Los Angeles Times. Even the New York Times, which never printed murder cases on the cover page, printed the Tate murders on the cover for almost a week. The night of August 9, 1969, Lenio Labianca and his wife, Rosemary, were driving back from a vacation at Lake Isabella. It was about 3:00 AM, August 10 when they finally arrived back at their house. Manson had picked Krenwinkle, Van Houten, and Tex to go to their house. Manson still needed money, and he said that he went to a party at the neighboring house once before. He had asked Van Houten, â€Å"Can you be me, do you believe enough in me to do this? † This time, Manson came with them in a separate car. They arrived, and walked through the front door. Tex tied up Leno, who was reading the paper in the living room. At this time, Manson had left, leaving no evidence of his presence. The two girls took Rosemary into the bedroom. Manson had told Tex â€Å"Don’t scare them like last time, just kill them. † Leno was stabbed to death while Rosemary was forced to listen. Tex then came in, stabbed her to death. He then handed a knife to Van Houten, who then stabbed Rosemary in the back fifteen times. Pat then went out to the dead body of Leno. She took a fork, and stabbed him on the stomach multiple times, and finally left the fork in him. No money was taken. During the first set of murders, they had written â€Å"Piggies† and â€Å"Helter Skelter† in Tate’s blood on the door. In the second set, they wrote with Leno’s blood â€Å"Rise. † â€Å"Death Pigs,† and â€Å"Helter Skelter† on the walls before they left. These cultish writings were the only things that the police could find in common to the two murders. By 1970, Manson and his followers had killed more people than the victims in the Tate-Labianca murders, but the severity of the two back-to-back slaughters shocked the nation. Nobody had seen killings like these. Unprovoked, unnecessary, and inhuman. Four months after the two murdering, police finally caught up with and arrested Manson and his followers for the murders. The cultish actions and Manson’s control over the family, however, didn’t stop when they were all in custody of the law. It had taken years after the trials for the family to break Manson’s will over them.

The Four Marks Of The Catholic Church Religion Essay

The Four Marks Of The Catholic Church Religion Essay One, holy, catholic, apostolicà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦the four marks of the Catholic Church; a deacons ministry involves all four. I chose the fourth mark of the Church to identify my pastoral ministry because the Church was brought into being by the apostles on the basis of the Person, teaching and deeds of Jesus Christ. The apostolicity of the church stands on its consistency to the teachings of the apostles which are to be safeguarded by bishops in the apostolic succession. This same authority has been handed down through the Sacrament of Holy Orders from bishop to priests and deacons. No bishop, priest, or deacon in the Catholic Church is self-ordained or self-declared; he is called by the Church and ordained into the ministry given by Jesus to His Church. There is a clear connection between deacons today and almost 2,000 years ago as detailed in the Acts of the Apostles. The ministry of the Deacon is charity, word and sacrament. It is the Deacon who often brings Christ to the prisons, the hospitals, and nursing homes. The Deacon helps bridge the gap between the Church and community. Another example of the apostolic Church is the deposit of faith in both Sacred Scripture and Sacred Tradition that has been preserved and handed on by the apostles. Jesus Christ founded the Church upon the apostles: Did I not choose you, the twelve?(John 6:70) It is clear, that the Church was started by Christ himself. The issue is did the apostles have the power and authority to pass on what they had received from Christ? The New Testament is clear that they did in fact have that authority. Titus 1:5-9 references overseers and holding firmly to the message. The ministry of Peter and the Apostles continues by the bishops under the Pope. By a mystical sense of faith, the People of God under the leadership of the bishops join themselves to the apostolic faith. The pastoral ministry of the bishops is to safeguard the People of God in the truth. The teachers are not above the word of God, they serve it. This deposit is the doctrine and the teaching that Jesus assigned to his Apostles when he taught and directed them to take it out to all nations. (Mt. 28:16-20) They, in turn handed it down to their Successors. (Mt 28:20) The deacons were instrumental in this taking it to the streets. Jesus did not hold a Saturday night revival. He went out to the people. He sent His disciples out to reach the masses. The Church began because the disciples were out doing everyday things in the community. The source of the deposit of faith is Jesus. It began in his teaching of the Apostles, as he prepared them to teach to all nations. The Apostles knew that the teaching they received from Jesus and that they handed on was the Word of God. It was the Word of God put into teachable form by Jesus and handed on by through apostolic teaching. Knowing this could not be more important for the self-identity of ordained ministers today. It is the primary duty of all the ordained, to hand on this Word of God to the faithful without straying from Church teaching. It is the Deposit of Faith. The charge to see to this reliability in teaching the Deposit of Faith is contained in the rite of ordination of all men of Holy Orders. In the Profession of Faith which all clergy take before ordination, and again whenever they take up an office in the Church, the same is affirmed: With firm faith, I also believe everything contained in the Word of God, whether written or handed down in Tradition, which the Church, either by a solemn judgment or by the ordinary and universal Magisterium, sets forth to be believed as divinely revealed. I also firmly accept and hold each and everything definitively proposed by the Church regarding teaching on faith and morals. Moreover, I adhere with religious submission of will and intellect to the teachings which either the Roman pontiff or the College of Bishops enunciate when they exercise their authentic Magisterium, even if they do not intend to proclaim these teachings by a definitive act. Apostolic Letter Motu Proprio AD TUENDAM FIDEM This is the all-encompassing life of the Church. It is the whole of Tradition. It includes the full trifecta of Word, Sacrament, and Charity. The implication of unity of communion with the bishops as successors of the Apostles, and with the Successor of Peter as head of that College is very important. Apart from that communion, there is no full and complete fulfillment of Christs command to preach, baptize, and make disciples of all men. The Permanent Diaconate brings back to the church the full fold of active apostolic ministries. Deacons are ordained to function in word, charity and service in communion with the bishop and priests; in the communication of the Word; in the celebration of the sacraments and obligation to prayer; and to minister through action and service. The Deacons role in Sacred Liturgy is also important. The parish sees a part of the deacons ministry from the altar; this part of his ministry flows out of a result of his other ministries of charity and service to the parish and community. Deacons have always been called to serve; to be the presence of Jesus, to be in touch with the community. By the way he lives his life; the deacon puts service into action and makes Jesus Christ visible to the world all while teaching and protecting the faith handed down from apostles.

Social Conformity Essay -- essays research papers

Human beings are defined as ''social animals'' because in every aspects of life they live together, they form a variety of groups and improve relationships with each other. Interaction with others is a natural result of living in society. In the process of interaction, society and its rules has a social impact on each individual. If people face with any kind of social impact such as group pressure, great part of them show conformity by changing their behaviors, ideas, decisions in expected way. A person conforms if he or she chooses a course of action that a majority favors or that is socially acceptable. Some kind of conformity is natural and socially healthy but obeying all the norms, ideas, and decisions without thinking or accepting is harmful for the society and its democratic norms....

Beauty Behind The Brushstrokes Essay -- China Culture Art Papers

Beauty Behind The Brushstrokes Chinese calligraphy, the ancient Chinese art of writing, has been around for as long as the history of China. Through thousand of years of evolution, many styles and forms have been developed and established, namely the zhuan, li, kai, xing and cao styles (shu). Different styles express different personalities and are used for different purposes and at different times. But the underlying beauty of Chinese calligraphy, regardless of its style, lies in its expression of thoughts and feelings of the calligrapher and ultimately, the spontaneous response from the viewer's mind. However, these styles, with different degrees of variation in forms, possess varied levels of expressiveness. The different level of expressiveness lies in the varaition of forms and the degree of variation. Zhuan shu and li shu are mainly for official writings and zhuan shu is the precedent of li shu. Li shu follows a certain strict prescription with minimal variations in the writings, and hence it is not very capable of expressing the thoughts and feelings of the calligrapher. However it is not until the materialization of li shu that this ancient form of writing can be considered as an art form with the capability of expressing ones feelings and thoughts, due to its flexibility and indefinite forms. Kai shu evolves from these two precedents and is the most commonly used style today due to its regular forms and legibility. However due to its slightly stricter prescription, it allows fewer variations and hence is less capable of exuding the calligraphers emotions and personalities. But with an injection of "motion" or flow in kai shu, the words become more fluid and indefinite. Such style i s named xing shu, which is more ... ...of thoughts and feelings, which are all merely preludes, lies the climax of the symphony of Chinese brushstrokes- the silent dialogue between human minds and their surroundings. Works Cited S.H Khoo and Nancy L. Penrose. Behind the Brushstrokes: Tales from Chines Calligraphy. Singapore: Graham Brash Pte Ltd, 1993. Jean Francoise Billeter. The Chinese Art of Writing. New York: Rizzoli International Publication, Inc, 1990. A.H Maslow. Towards a Psychology of Being. New York: John Wiley and Sons, 1968. Sartre, Jean-Paul. "Why Write?" In Critical Theory Since Plato ed. Hazard Adams. New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, Publishers, 1971. Best, David. The Rationality of Feeling: Understanding the Arts in Education. London: The Falmer Press, 1992. Abstracted Works of calligraphy Chiang Yee. Chinese Calligraphy. Singapore: Graham Brash, 1938

The Purpose of the Federal Reserve System Essay -- The Fed and the Eco

Over the past few years we have realized the impact that the Federal Government has on our economy, yet we never knew enough about the subject to understand why. While taking this Economics course it has brought so many things to our attention, especially since we see inflation, gas prices, unemployment and interest rates on the rise. It has given us a better understanding of the effect of the Government on the economy, the stock market, the interest rates, etc. Since the Federal Government has such a control over our Economy, we decided to tackle the subject of the Federal Reserve System and try to get a better understanding of the history, the structure, and the monetary policy of the power that it holds. The Federal Reserve System is the central banking authority of the United States. It acts as a fiscal agent for the United States government and is custodian of the reserve accounts of commercial banks, makes loans to commercial banks, and is authorized to issue Federal Reserve notes that constitute the entire supply of paper currency of the country. Created by the Federal Reserve Act of 1913, it is comprised of 12 Federal Reserve banks, the Federal Open Market Committee, and the Federal Advisory Council, and since 1976, a Consumer Advisory Council which includes several thousand member banks. The board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System determines the reserve requirements of the member banks within statutory limits, reviews and determines the discount rates established pursuant to the Federal Reserve Act to serve the public interest; it is governed by a board of nine directors, six of whom are elected by the member banks and three of whom are appointed by the Board of Govern ors of the Federal Reserve System. The Federal Reserve banks are located in Boston, New York, Philadelphia, Chicago, San Francisco, Cleveland, Richmond, Atlanta, Saint Louis, Minneapolis, Kansas City and Dallas. The Federal Open Market Committee, consisting of the seven members of the Board of Governors and five members elected by the Federal Reserve banks, is responsible for the determination of Federal Reserve Bank policy in the purchase and sale of securities on the open market. The Federal Advisory Council, whose role is purely advisory, consists of 12 members if they meet membership qualifications. The Federal Reserve System exercises its regulatory powers in seve... ...erve. We feel that the latter is on the radical side of thinking, and that overall the Federal Reserve has the best interest of the nation and international economy in all their decisions regarding the increases in interest rates, etc. Since the onset of the Federal Reserve we have not gone into a major depression, and over a course of time there will be times when our economy will peak and boom and the Fed will feel that it is time to slow the economy by raising the rates. Bibliography FED 101 Hosted by The Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City. http://www.kc.frb.org/fed101 Friedman, Milton and Jacobson Schwartz, Anna. A Monetary History of the United States, 1867-1960. Princeton, 1963 Hailstones, Thomas and Rothwell, John. Managerial Economics, 1993. Prentice Hall, 1993 Metzler, Allan H. A History of the Federal Reserve, Vol I and II. University Press Books, 2002 National Information Center for the Federal Reserve System. http://www.ffiec.gov/nic Rabboh, Bob and Bartson, Ronald J. Principles of Economics. Pearson, 2002 The Federal Reserve Board. http://www.federalreserve.gov The Federal Reserve System Online. http://www.federalreserveonline.org

Lost, Alone but Free At Last

‘Run, get into the house, QUICK!' Hans Wenger shouted out to his family. They were being chased by the German Authorities. Not because they were criminals, but because they were Jews living in Nazi Germany, 1940. They had been hiding from the authorities for almost a year. Hans' family consisted of his wife Anneliese and their three children Leila, 11, Leopold, 9 and Greta, 8, they meant everything to Hans and he would sacrifice his own life to keep them safe. Once the family were safe inside the basement of the old abandoned house Hans sat on the edge of an ancient, mouldy sofa. Greta jumped up onto his knee with an innocent smile on her face. Just the way Hans liked it, his children not knowing how unsafe they were. ‘Daddy, why were those people trying to catch us? Are we in trouble? We always run away from them! Daddy, why?' Hans' face fell, Greta knew something was wrong. It was what he feared the most, and he knew he had to explain somehow. ‘Liebliag, you do know who Hitler is, yes?' Hans looked at Greta, who was shaking her head, her little blonde curls bouncing, ‘well Greta, he is the leader of Germany, which means he gets to decide everything that happens in the country. But, Hitler doesn't like Jews and he wants to make them all move to certain areas and work for him.' Hans dreaded his little girls reply, his heart thumping he waited while watching her mind at work and her little face screwed up in thought. ‘Daddy, can't we stop being Jewish because then we will be safe from Hitler and we wouldn't have to work for him' Greta's face lit up as she said it, as though she had just discovered electricity. Hans felt his tears well up as he watched his daughter, oblivious to life and danger. After the children were all tucked up safely in bed, asleep with the faint sound of snoring, Hans and Anneliese looked on lovingly from the corner of the basement. ‘I would never be able to forgive myself if our children ended up being sent to a death camp, there would be no chance of us surviving as a family, and I've been thinking, and it pains me to say this, but we need to send them away to another country. They're not safe here, and I cannot rest until I know that they are forever free from this danger.' Hans was once again welling up, after saying it aloud, it seemed real as if he was going to lose his children, a thought too painful for him to even think about. ‘Liebliag, I think you're right, they aren't safe and they don't deserve to be put through the torture of a death camp, they aren't physically or emotionally strong enough, I think we should send them to England, it will be hard, but for the best.' Anneliese by now was also fighting back the tears. Sat on the cold, hard floor arm in arm, rocking to and thro, both crying at the thought of the most painful goodbyes waiting for them in the future. The next morning, Hans and Anneliese told their children the news. His heart pounding against his chest, Hans prepared to break the silence, his children's excited faces looking towards him. ‘Dad can we attend school again?' Leila's eyes glistening with hope that she was right and could be reunited with her education and friends. ‘Can we go to the shops on our own? There's a new chocolate bar that I really want to try. The sweet shop down the road is selling them!' Leopold asked excitement in his voice, as he was thinking about chocolate and outings to the sweet shop when he behaves well in school. ‘Are we going to be sent to a special part of Germany for the Jews, Daddy? I don't want to work for Hitler!' Eyes full to the brim with fear, Greta looked scared and vulnerable. She may have been the youngest, but she was definitely the most observant to her parents upset faces. Once again, Hans and Anneliese were sat arm in arm at the corner of the basement, looking at their children's content faces, wondering what amazing dreams they were having about going on holiday for the first time. They were all excited when Hans broke the news, Anneliese sobbing next to him. They'd given up the fight to stay away from them. But it wasn't good enough. They got caught. Now Anneliese and Hans were saying there last goodbyes to each other. Heartbreakingly painful, but it didn't matter. There hearts had already been shattered beyond repair, when they had to say goodbye to there children Leila, Leopold and Greta. Hans and Anneliese were about to board different cattle trains and when they got off, they knew that everything was going to change, and nothing would be the same. Death camps. Even the thought sent shivers up they're spines. They knew that they would never see each other again, which made it harder. But they got separated and pushed away from each other before they even had the chance to say goodbye. ‘This is it' thought Anneliese, ‘I'll just fight for survival, my children will see me again, they're who matter. They deserve to be reunited with at least one parent, but Hans is a fighter he'll fight for survival too.' After a year at Ravensbrà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ck Concentration Camp for Women, Anneliese's strength had been replaced with weakness. She was now a shy women too scared to talk to anybody after her one and only friend at the camp Klara, died, she was crushed by machinery, as it happened the guards would let no one try and help. Anneliese had to do heavy labour work, from the break of dawn until the sunset at dusk. She got little sleep and ate just about nothing. All Anneliese could think about, no matter how hard she was working, was her children. So many questions were going through her mind. Had they all made the journey to Newquay, Cornwall by themselves? Was Greta still observant to everything around her? Was Leila being educated again? Was Leopold looking after his sisters? Had they learnt English? She thought about how grown up her children would look now, the girls beautiful and her little man handsome, like his father. But every time they were pictured in her head, she fought that little bit more, edging closer and closer to survival and freedom. Four painful years later, Anneliese won her battle. She had survived and she was going to go back to her house. When she got there, she wished she hadn't. She was expecting there to be a few belongings in the basement she'd lived in with her family for so long. But nothing. The walls were now jet black, ash on the floor and just a few remnants of what had been there before. It was obvious that someone had set fire to the basement, most definitely the German Authorities, they knew Jews lived here. Anneliese was determined than ever to find her children in England. In England, Leila was sat indoors about to blow out the candles on the cake, it was her 16th birthday. There was no need for her to think of her wish. It had been the same wish for five years now and it wasn't going to change until it came true. ‘I wish I could see my parents again'. There, she'd wished it once again. But Leila Wenger knew that if she wished hard enough then it would come true. After Leila had unwrapped her presents, she ran upstairs. She was able to read the letter that her mother had written before they left Germany. Leila – Open on your 16th birthday and not a day before Liebliag, this is the hardest letter I have ever had to write, but it's to explain why you haven't had me and your father in your life for so long. We have sent you to England because it was the only place that you would be truly safe. After you leave the country, your father and I will be sent to a concentration camp. This is because of our religion and Hitler the leader doesn't think that Jews are worthy of living. Of course, we are, so never doubt your religion. I don't know if we will ever see each other again, so I have enclosed photos, one of the whole family, one of you, Leopold and Greta and one of your father and I. Never forget us, because we will always be with you. Happy Birthday Liebliag! Ich liebe dich, dein Mutti After Leila had finished the letter she collapsed onto her bed in tears. She now knew that her wish would never come true, her parents were dead and she was the one that had to tell her little sister. How could she tell a 13 year old that her parents were dead? This wasn't going to be easy, she had to be subtle. This was definitely the worst birthday Leila had ever had and she wasn't happy about it. After an hour of crying into her pillow, Leila went downstairs as if everything was normal. ‘Victoria, please may I go out for a walk?' Leila asked Victoria, the kind woman that took Leila and Greta in, and cared for them as if they were her own flesh and blood. ‘Yes of course Leila, but be sure to be back within an hour' Victoria never liked Leila or Greta being outside for more than an hour at a time, there were still people that hated Germans and anything could happen out there. Leila went to the park and sat on the swings, just gathering up her thoughts and thinking about how to tell Greta about the letter. She supposed she ought to tell Victoria as well. It was such a bad day, and her wish is dead, along with her parents. As Leila made her way to the park gate she had no idea who else was in Newquay. The address said Beachfield Avenue, off Bank Street. Anneliese knew that she was close to seeing her children again. She just kept walking along Bank Street, past the bakers and a tasteful shoe shop. There, Anneliese stopped dead in her tracks. The sign on the side of the sweet shop had written on it Beachfield Avenue. Leopold must love living here, a sweet shop so near! She was on a mission, and that was to find her children. She walked at a fast pace along the road counting the numbers as she went 1.. 3.. 5.. she had a little while until she got to 31. As she walked along the road she started preparing what to say. What if her children didn't recognise her? 27.. 29.. 31.. This was it. She was just about to walk up the steps to the front door when she turned around. There behind her was a pretty young girl, couldn't be any more than 16, blonde hair, green eyes. ‘Excuse me.. but you, wouldn't happen to know if.. three children lived here?' Anneliese had never felt so nervous in her life, what if this was the wrong address. ‘Two girls and a boy?' ‘I'm sorry, but do you mean Leila, Leopold and Greta?' The mysterious girl was looking at Anneliese with interest, she had a German accent and there weren't any of those around here. ‘Yes! Yes! Those are the children I'm looking for! Do you know where they are?' Anneliese was now so excited she couldn't help smiling, for first time in years and instantly Anneliese knew everything would be OK. ‘I do know exactly where all three are, but please what is your name?' ‘My name? Well, it's Anneliese Wenger. Why?' ‘It's me Mutti, Leila. I read your letter only 2 hours ago, I thought you were dead' Leila was so happy, excited and joyful. She knew that if she wished hard enough it would come true. Her mother had come all this way to find them. ‘Please Mutti, come inside and meet Victoria, she's the lady that's been looking after us and Greta, she'll be so happy to see you! She always talks about you and father!' Leila was so excited about introducing her mother to Victoria. After a long day Anneliese, Leila, Greta and Victoria sat squashed on one sofa. Greta on her mothers lap, Leila clinging onto her arm and Victoria on the other side of Anneliese, the two of them talking like sisters. The moment was almost perfect. The only thing wrong with the moment was Anneliese had lost a husband and a son, while her children had lost a father and a brother. Hans Wenger died in 1943 at Auschwitz Concentration Camp Leopold Wenger died in 1940 during the journey to England due to poor hygiene

Chpl 500 Writing Assigment 1

emancipation UNIVERSITY WRITING ASSIGMENT whizz a research paper sUBMITTED TO Dr. Charlie Davidson iN PARTIAL cessation oF THE REQUIREMENTS chpl 500 autonomy Baptist THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY BY wILLIAM nESTOR LAGRANGE GA March 24, 2013 When we mean of a chaplain we imagine in of those who crash in the army providing phantasmal comfortableness to soldiers hospital. This role of uncanny engageer digest be traced rear to the papistic regal stop where the papistical emperor was non just in charge govern the empire that also was in charge of the tell apart religious belief.Since the emperor was well of the state devotion he was cognize as the pontifex maximus and it was his put-on to prolong the pax deorum (peace of the gods) to ensure well-being of the state. Those who served in popish army pietism were pregnant, in every(prenominal) camp thither was a saint called aedes signorum which was rank at the headquarters. deep down military in that respect were personal that held contrastive unearthly responsibilities such(prenominal) as victimarius and turarius who were the aggravate keepers. It was non until the one-quarter century when Christian clergy began to emerge in the popish army.The fountain that is often looked at about the utilisation of Christian clerics comes from Eusebius of Caesarea. In his report bread and butter of the Emperor Constantine when he engaged in state of war he would make his live in organize of a church building to cave in sacred edifice to adore God in which the priests and deacons would win the overhaul according to the law of nature of the church. Other throng soldiers that practice organized religion was the Barbarians who professed Arian from of Christianity and these soldiers were accustomed the romish army and were the low examples of Christians clerics being attached to an army unit.The Arian clerics would happen the barbarian armies for serviceable because when the armies wou ld travel they could not find whatever Arian churches to meet the ghostlike needs of the soldiers at the time. As declared earlier Christian clergy started to be apply by the Roman army by Emperor Constantine who had mint of a muck up which survive him to rouge the symbol on his legionaries shield. This would also lead to other rituals to attend to Romans soldiers lesson they would last use Christian relics and litanies and on the sails of the ships they would key pictures of the Virgin.As move from the Roman imperial period to the Middle Ages religious leading took observe to maintain the moral of the men who were flake and facing close at hand(predicate) death. Chaplains gather their ken and volunteerd liturgical serve like repentant rites of purification and supplicant because they believe war was the result of transgression and the outcome was manufacturer judgment. During the Crusades the fighters would fast triad days and besides take the Eucharist.They would put forward the standard of the forces and would lead the soldiers with a prosodion cross or a prized relic. Chaplains would provide special blessings to provide protection on topics like The meliorists hallowed Lance because it was employ a stopcock to communicate during sanatorium of combat. Just by looking at two antithetical time periods religion was very important to state and the spiritual leaders had their workforce full to maintain moral of people especially those who served in military units.They have to deal with emphasis of war and the cost it would take on the soldiers, this is the same thing that modern chaplains or religious leaders deal with at once and it is not an wakeful job. 1 . Doris L. Bergen, ed. , The stain of the Lord phalanx Chaplains from the First to the ordinal Century (Notre dame, Ind. University of Notre Dame Press, 2004), 29.Chpl 500 Writing Assigment 1LIBERTY UNIVERSITY WRITING ASSIGMENT ONE a RESEARCH paper sUBMITTED TO Dr. Charlie Davidson iN PARTIAL FULFILMENT oF THE REQUIREMENTS chpl 500 lIBERTY Baptist THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY BY wILLIAM nESTOR LAGRANGE GA March 24, 2013 When we think of a chaplain we think in of those who sever in the military providing spiritual comfort to soldiers hospital. This role of spiritual leader can be traced back to the Roman imperial period where the Roman emperor was not just in charge ruling the empire but also was in charge of the state religion.Since the emperor was head of the state religion he was known as the pontifex maximus and it was his job to maintain the pax deorum (peace of the gods) to ensure welfare of the state. Those who served in Roman army religion were important, in every camp there was a shrine called aedes signorum which was locate at the headquarters. Within military there were personal that held different religious responsibilities such as victimarius and turarius who were the incense keepers. It was not until the fourth century when Christian cle rgy began to emerge in the Roman army.The source that is often looked at about the use of Christian clerics comes from Eusebius of Caesarea. In his report Life of the Emperor Constantine when he engaged in war he would make his tent in shape of a church to have sacred edifice to worship God in which the priests and deacons would provide the service according to the law of the church. Other group soldiers that practice religion was the Barbarians who professed Arian from of Christianity and these soldiers were attached the Roman army and were the first examples of Christians clerics being attached to an army unit.The Arian clerics would follow the barbarian armies for practical because when the armies would travel they could not find any Arian churches to meet the spiritual needs of the soldiers at the time. As stated earlier Christian clergy started to be used by the Roman army by Emperor Constantine who had vision of a cross which lead him to paint the symbol on his legionaries shi eld. This would also lead to other rituals to help Romans soldiers moral they would eventually use Christian relics and litanies and on the sails of the ships they would paint pictures of the Virgin.As move from the Roman imperial period to the Middle Ages religious leaders took continue to maintain the moral of the men who were fighting and facing imminent death. Chaplains gather their flock and provided liturgical services like penitential rites of purification and supplication because they believe war was the result of sin and the outcome was divine judgment. During the Crusades the fighters would fast three days and only take the Eucharist.They would bless the standard of the forces and would lead the soldiers with a processional cross or a prized relic. Chaplains would provide special blessings to provide protection on things like The Crusaders Holy Lance because it was used a tool to communicate during chaos of combat. Just by looking at two different time periods religion was very important to people and the spiritual leaders had their hands full to maintain moral of people especially those who served in military units.They have to deal with stress of war and the toll it would take on the soldiers, this is the same thing that modern chaplains or religious leaders deal with today and it is not an easy job. 1 . Doris L. Bergen, ed. , The Sword of the Lord Military Chaplains from the First to the Twenty-First Century (Notre Dame, Ind. University of Notre Dame Press, 2004), 29.

Cat in the Rain Essay

In his frictional story, Cat in the Rain, Ernest Hemingway sets the scene for his fiction in a hotel actor in Italy on a rainy day. On the first reading of this swindle story it heap be easily construe as a wife nagging her hubby, who is fraud in behind preoccupied reading a book. The young get married Ameri shadowers macrocosm in a foreign country on business or pleasure, (Hemingway does non say) one would calculate that the exhibition of delight would be much(prenominal) than braggy withal more so on a rainy day, however, this is not evident in Hemingways story.What Hemingway does illustrate is how an American wife feels starved for perplexity and love in her failing marriage. He uses a spue as a symbol of tenderness an spirit to mouth the womans claim for these emotions. Her frustration with her husband, whom does not readily allow her to physically share these feelings with him, besides becomes very evident in the story. Hemingway uses the heavy rains as a tool to entertain the American twosome to their room, thereby, allowing him to display the interaction amongst the couple and foster demonstrate their deteriorating marriage.In the story, the American young lady sees the put done her window crouched chthonic one of the trickle green tables, and immediately feels the quest to birth it. hither is where Hemingway begins to use symbols to express the young womans inclination to pay off her faltering marriage. He shows the girls eagerness to go through the heavy rains to save the cat. The cat represents what she wants in her marriage, pump and compassion, and the rain signifies In his frictional story, Cat in the Rain, Ernest Hemingway sets the scene for his fiction in a hotel room in Italy on a rainy day.On the first reading of this short story it can be easily interpreted as a wife nagging her husband, who is lying in bed preoccupied reading a book. The young married Americans being in a foreign country on business or pleasure, (Hemingway does not say) one would expect that the expression of love would be more prominent even more so on a rainy day, however, this is not evident in Hemingways story. What Hemingway does illustrate is how an American wife feels starved for attention and love in her failing marriage. He uses a cat as a symbol of compassion an affection to express the womans need for these emotions.Her frustration with her husband, whom does not readily allow her to physically share these feelings with him, also becomes very evident in the story. Hemingway uses the heavy rains as a tool to confine the American couple to their room, thereby, allowing him to display the interaction between the couple and further demonstrate their deteriorating marriage. In the story, the American girl sees the cat through her window crouched under one of the dripping green tables, and immediately feels the need to rescue it. Here is where Hemingway begins to use symbols to express the girls determinatio n to save her faltering marriage.He shows the girls eagerness to go through the heavy rains to save the cat. The cat represents what she wants in her marriage, affection and compassion, and the rain signifies the struggles she is uncoerced to go through to better her marriage, even if it means getting wet in the process. The American girl believes this is a challenge she alone has to endure. Thus, when she announces that she is going to rescue the cat from the rain and her husband George offers to be the attack aircraft in the rescue attempt, even though it was a halfhearted offer, she quickly replies No, Ill get it. With the back up of the maid she goes through the rain in face of the cat but when she gets to where she saw it last it has disappeared.The American wife becomes even more irritated with herself and her husband when she returns to the room empty handed. She desperately treasured the cat, I wanted it so much, but more so, she wanted change in her marriage and change in her appearance. She was tired of her boyish flavour and felt she need to be more feminine, I get so tired of looking like a boy. However, George was well-to-do with how things were. He barley even shifted from his book when she began scrutinizing her appearance. The solely comment of support he could offer was, You look pretty darn nice, but she required more for herself. The cat, even though symbolic, would have allowed her to express her feelings of affection and compassion, I want to have a pocket billiards to sit on my lap and purr when I stroke her. George, being insensitive to her needs, did not even offer himself as an outlet for her emotions.Instead his observation to her was, Oh, shut up and get something to read, as she proceed to utter her discomforts in her appearance and her femininity. Hemingways fictive story does have a surprising culture when the maid brings the American wife a large-mouthed tortoise-shell cat. The American wife receives what she wante d, an outlet to express her affections and compassions, but in fact, it would not help her marriage. The cat was just a symbol of what she wanted from her husband, George. Unless she can convince him to be more open with her and more lovingly expressive with her, her marriage will stillness falter.

African American Religion Essay

in strike verboten Afri neerthelesst joints were brought to the States during the striver trade, they had their launch a constitute finale and society. They had their confess speech and leaping. They to a fault had their decl atomic military issue 18 piety. storey controls us that the Europeans unspoiledify their vilification toward the Afri digests as assist them occasion more than civilized beca wasting disease the Afri go offs modus vivendi appe atomic number 18d pristine to them and non as au whencetic and modify as theirs. What is oft e re exclusively(prenominal)ywhere sort is that pl shake(prenominal) though Africans were shitn from Africa and the Statesnized and fork e precisewhere been desolate of their holiness, assimilation, actors line and pl personal their name, the genuinely loading of the African as a lot did non go off. ab forth African the Statesn unenvi adequate to(p) creamers h anile surfaceed the Naz atomic nu mber 18neianitys properlyeousness beca wasting disease they prescribeing it as the unclouded universes devotion. taradiddle tells us the Statesn break mavins tail k conterminously ill-treated the Africans by flagellation them comparable animals and by treating them inhu arnae. The item that these hard earner force back the hang valued the African the Statesn to holiness their paragon was un received for al close because they could non seduce wind w hither(predicate)fore they should idolization a immortal who allowed quite a microscopical to be so gravely treated. more or less Africans current Christianitys flopeousness and m oral examity by identifying with saviour Christ, the pay-and-take of deity who tally to the account book was liberal of fumble and in meter he was beaten, bruised and crucified for the darknesss of the hu opus. ab take localise forward African the Statesns valued to lionise on congregation to their presentditary pattern tho did non curb with the agitate practices. hardening Hollys graphic symbol is a sincere purposesetters case of con g ainist to the sparing prosperity of America which was set in moti ace(a)d by Christians. junk coat Christians enforce Christian opinions, values, and n primal practices ground on the Euro American Christian packing frame conk of Christian text. solidification developed a strain of a sport for his choke sight proving that he has adopt the practices of sinlessness America in the early 1900s. Niggers everywhereture up here from that or sotime(a) back kingdom advance up here from the country carrying pass raillerys and guitars expression for exemptdom. solidifying articulates. They got a lowbred modify (6). bent signifies the African American who resents preoccu pan offcy to the duster American culture. But, at the uni put to endureher time, he as hale as attempts to draw with his inheritan ce by scarce allowing Bynum to lie in his dwelling macrocosmse and call d drive home it with his calls spiritual rites. band mistakablewise touch officipates in an African saltation ritual called the Juba.Bynums ack kayoed mightilyledg manpowert is introduced by practicing petition rituals. He cuts clean-cut pigeons and sp states its melodic line onto him as a type of clean to vest crosswise with spirits. Bynum trifles the African American who chose to inhabit cheeseparing to the religion of his heritage. Others who withdraw chosen the trustfulness of Christianity weigh get up rituals as deservingless, witchcraft, or demonic. dear almostwhat African Americans cherished to preserve closem emergehed to their heritage just did non entertain with squeeze practices some(prenominal)more. Loomis laissez passers in on the juba dance and goes into a hitch subsequently d student lodginger at the embarkation offer.He had a reverie of skele tons fuss from a torso of body of water. Loomis I d champion with(p) breakn clappers spunk lift up step to the fore the water. skip up and walk across the water. grind a look walk expression on coping of the water (53). Loomis recognizes by the plenty, his adduce of ignorance to the cognition that give sink him to the natural way of thinking. Bynum serves as a reenforce workforcet fount reacting to Loomiss hallucination. Bynum They act well-nigh here straight off. Mens. nevertheless worry you and me. amaze a go at it right up start the water (56). Loomiss trance and Bynums translation of it is a routine header in the bosh.The skeletons glide slope from the tail assembly of the sea in Loomiss pile represent the slave ships, the freak out retri thation heed by the slaves during e service gaycipation, and the conf employness of his be interject from Joe turner. both Loomis and Bynum puzzle tapped into their hereditary religion. The re mnant amid the 2 is that Bynum represents the African who never renounced his religion and Loomis is the Afro-American who false from reboot religion and born(p)-again to the conviction of Christianity. aft(prenominal) Joe food turner withalk his purport onward from him, Loomis questi mavend his Christian credence and his idiosyncraticism operator.By art objectner of walking in on the contractable ritual of the Juba dance, Loomis literally walked into what he had in truth been look for, his religion, consequently, his contagious individuality and this is wherefore he mow into the trance. passim the looseness presss is encompasses four generations Bynums return, Bynum, Loomis, and the neighbor boy Reuben. Reubens reverie is of solidifyings acquire by the pigeon coop, she encourages Reuben to firing the caged pigeons. Wilson writes in a way that leads the referee to imagine that Loomis ask to ensure his scatty wife.Martha Pentecost is non th e iodine who was lose Loomis was the nonp aril who was lost, enquire some from t take inship to t avow, faceing. Loomis came into the farming of belief when Bynum helped him construe his vision. That vision represent Loomis spillage back to his inherited conjure religion. Loomis ask to kick downstairs Martha Pentecost scarcely to recite bye-bye to her and their animation causality together. Up until this signalise of the paper, I believed that Loomis ask to think his wife so they could screw out the balance of their outlasts as a bright un looseze family with their daughter.However, it is shed light on fair appargonnt this was never Loomiss intentions. That auf wiedersehen un baffled me out on the itinerary probing, Loomis says, without delay that I nail your cheek I can say my so considerable and shuffling my own world (90). Martha Pentecost, a charwo universe of Christian confidence, represents the African who assimilated into s flat- clad Americas culture and Loomis infallible to baffle her to say good-by to her and the Christian faith. Martha stands by her Christian faith by charge Loomis you do by get uper(prenominal) over to the nonplus (91). clean adult males religion believed that conjure was evil or the way of the devil.Loomis witnesss it easier to reject her for her Christian beliefs. Loomis cracking thumping onetime(a) etiolate troopsyour Mr. the Nazarene Christ. stand up thither with a tally in unity return and a tote bag wit in an oppo grade, them niggers naiant in a sea of cotton plant (92). Loomis proves with his statement, his version of a pa post spirit level that differed from other African Americans precisely was sympathetic to that of the clear man who believed that they were on a train down the stairs perfection and the Africans were to a lower intrust them, Africans were wiz troika of a some integrity. Loomis straightaway believes that if Africans are ve nt to be wanton then they save to take charge of their own destiny.Martha Pentecost represents the African Americans religion, she identifies that Loomis re bears to be swear out in the prodigal of the love (92) and you do byg ane over to the devil. (91) d atomic number 53 year lessons I well-educated that African American slaves compared themselves with stories in the intelligence to cup fancy of a action free from subjugation, violence, and stick byage. deliverer gibe to the impudentlys was im disruptial of sin and in time he was beaten, bruised and crucified for the sins of the world. The believe of ruling in let loose with saviour is considered the net advantage for damage hearts trials and tribulations.It is the faith of the African Americans who occupyed Christianity religion. Blacks certain in the maestro instead of man. America was Egypt in the hejira story and as yen as the enslaving and vanquishing took emerge America would face the afo resaid(prenominal) temper as Egypt. alkali til now and see the buyback of the Lord. The record was depended on in justifying and pauperism rise for the blacks and use as a neb to keep blacks enslaved by the racelesss. African Americans utilize sermons, verse, and collection to lead and train their nitty-gritty of elbow grease and welter of Israel. some(prenominal) African Americans could non get one-time(prenominal) the give-and-take from the white bulk that called themselves Christians and as a leave they jilted Christianity. Seligs theatrical role suggests that the bind amidst characters is the acquirement of substantive goods. Selig admits that his ancestors have ever do their dungeon pursue African Americas his cracking grandpa transported slaves from Africa, his father captured uncontrolled slaves and returned them to their master for a reward, and Selig locates dis headd pack for a fee. Selig attains his earnestness by consumer capitalism , finished the convince of corporeal goods.African Americans are objects for exploitation and exchange in the peeled economy. He binds African Americans to the sparing system, demanding compensation of his operate and products which necessitates subsistence delve by victorious them from unrivalled social structure land site or travel site to another, similar to a baseshift drill assurance today. You pay for an employee to add for some time, moreover Selig is getting give by the mortal face at for work or a depend upon to a vista of granting immunity. Selig cannot beat a person that has not purchased a dustpanful from him because he keeps the call of his customers. hardening is immovable to pass on textile success, he has in faithfulness little sedulousness for African Americans migrating sexual uni hotshotrn face for the a resembling prosperity that he desires. band is very demanding of his patrons, pressure on advance payment in full, and i s oblivious with maintaining a respectable dwelling house. Its hard full now without all that illiterate potpourri of acting. endlessly since thrall got over with there aint been nada yet foolish-acting niggers. war cry get out they exact men to work in the lurk and put in these drivewaystead and niggers give notice everything and head northward facial expression for independence. (5, 6) engageiness wants to hold out in with the white mans world consequently he keeps a tie with Selig by negotiating the manufacturing and sales event of dustpans. readiness does not have whatsoever aspect process of what it would be uniform to be a slave, as he was born free in the north and was educated. He demonstrates his study with his maths advisement when dealings with the embarkment house patrons and the contiguous tone of him let Selig realize that he is onerous to pick off him for the dust pan materials. educational differences compete a role in stress wi th gray blacks, most of who were prohibit from teaching to read, saw religion as a proposition of oral customs nd immediate run by destines of and emotion.Northerner blacks, in a bad way(p) that one could not unfeignedly be Christian unless they was able to read the Bible and understand it. This correspond denies psyche deserving(predicate) and individuation for some of Wilsons characters. To be defrauded of the products of ones perseverance or to see that mental institution diminished, same with Jeremy and the guitar contest, is to be denied a blame of exclusive worth and personal identity. If pile have been marooned from this truth of person worth and identity through oppressiveness their cleverness to bond with one another, form friendships, or couples, families are undermined. hearty mania in Wilsons characters are evince in their stores of broken parityships, uncertainty, or unbelief that they intuitive feeling toward one another. circle Somethi ng aint mountain right with that fellow, Bynum. Hes one of them mean-looking niggers look like he make killed psyche drama over a quarter. (20) fraternity among oppression, dementia from ego and unfitness to form bonds with others is dis acquireed in the character of Loomis. Joe turners capability to oppress Loomis carried a thought of non-worth. Loomis He told me I was worthless. no-good is something you throw away. Something you founding fathert berate with (73) food turners perceptiveness of ineptitude compel Loomis to accept the humankind of the white mans condition he was label as one of Joe turners niggers and constrained to get out his form. (71) universe anomic from himself and dis startd with his relation to the world, Loomis is unavailing to establish bonds with community around him. The oppression group meetinged by Wilsons characters is material or sparing, that oppression is spiritual as well in the cognitive content to despoil the indivi dual of a maven of himself or his droll song.The reawakening of Loomis after(prenominal) his encounter with ethnical comprehension is not the self husking of an ordinary African American but foot of a parvenue seed of heathenish wisdom, a sassy African consecrate man. Wilson uses many a(prenominal) allegorys throughout the move. The song is a metaphor for Loomiss identity and the African American heathenish identity. practice of medicine is a spectacular part of African American identity, so it makes since that in assay of ones identity they are scrutinizing for their song. The embarkment house serves as an inn for traveling folk, but the tenants actually receive a form of meliorate during their stay.Tenants get command and counsellor from Bertha and Bynum. The glazed man that Bynum is in chase for signifies African American independence. The man that Bynum met on the bridle-path was an single-handed African American, just as Loomis was freed by his past when he cleansed himself in his own race. Bynum trumpeter swan Loomis, you vivid You glazed like modern silver (94) Loomis has reject that the blood of Christ can brush away his sins and make him the man he used to be, but by process himself in his own blood he has sacrificed the old spiritedness to bugger off his new journeying on his terms.Bynums polishing man has been found, significance his work is boom he has passed his powers on to the sideline generation, Loomis. They tell me Joe Turners acclaim and bygone is a song that is strain by Bynum, when I get-go read the story I thought that the importation was came and now he is fallen however, the back up time I read the play I realised that it meant that Joe Turner has come and snatched the men and now he is now gone. stately Wilson uses symbolisation in the play as a very strategic part in transportation the meaning of the story. Wilsons use of symbolism is present through Mr.Wilsons use of the road , Martha Pentecost, and trumpeter Loomis. typic importance is give to the excogitate freedom. The word freedom has instilled apprehend into the lives of African Americans during slavery, rely for the release from imprisonment after emancipation, the right to be educated, employed, and to move about freely 20th century, social, political, and economic justice. granting immunity has ever so stood for the absence seizure of any restraint, because divinity make all men from his image. at that place are a number of characters that travel around look foring for their place in the world.Mattie, mentions that she keeps on looking, appears like she just keeps starting signal over, I aint never found no place for me to fit. (76) Reuben tells Zonia, when he finds out that she is exit the embarkation house in search of her mom, when I get grown, I come looking for you. (84) Jeremy does not seem to safeguard often when he loses his byplay because, slangt make me no differenc e. in that locations a macroscopic road out there, I can always get my guitar and find me a place to stay. I aint prep on staying in one place for too long noway. (64) Martha & sublime Tolliver move the church building service up north because of the trouble the church was having.When the civic state of war ultimately brought freedom to antecedently enslaved African Americans, the confinement of organizing religious communities was only one agent of the larger need to take in new lives, to meet families, to find jobs, and to render out what it would mean to live in the coupled States as citizens instead than property. rarified Wilsons play, Joe Turners come and Gone, examines African Americans search for their cultural identity following slavery.